The Revelation of Foreign Carbon Emission Policies for Developing China Low-Carbon Economy

In present, developing the low-carbon economy is common recognized by the world. In order to achieve the aim of low-carbon economy, to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions is one of the most important measures. Nowadays, because of the large population, high energy intensity and the unreasonable energy structure based on fossil fuel, our country has faced an enormous pressure during the reducing carbon emissions process. Based on the current international applying carbon emission reduction proposals, we discussed the developed countries carbon emission reduction policies in detailed which includes the United States, Britain and Japan and etc. and in the meantime. Based on the above overseas developed countries experiences, the paper analyses  our country’s present situation of carbon emission reduction, finds the existing problems and put forward relevant recommendations. In brief, the research will provide some reference to build a low-carbon economy society of our country.Keywords:  low-carbon economy; CO2 emission; home and abroad carbon emission reduction policy; questions and measures Résumé:  A l'heure actuelle, le développement de l'économie à bas-carbone est généralement reconnu par le monde. Afin d'atteindre l'objectif de l'économie à bas-carbone, la réduction des émissions de dioxyde de carbone est l'une des mesures les plus importantes. De nos jours, en raison d'une population nombreuse, d'une intensité énergétique élevée et d'une structure énergétique déraisonnable basée sur les combustibles fossiles, notre pays a fait face à une pression énorme au cours du processus de réduction des émissions de carbone. Sur la base des propositions internationales de la réduction de l'émission de carbone actuellement appliquées, nous avons étudié les politiques de réduction des émissions de carboneles des pays développés en détail, qui comprend les États-Unis, la Grande-Bretagne, le Japon etc, et en même temps,  basé sur les expériences de ces pays développés ci-dessus, le document analyse la situation actuelle de notre pays en matière de la réduction des émissions de carbone, trouve des problèmes existants et propose des recommandations pertinentes. En bref, cette recherche fournira des références à la construction d'une société de l'économie bas-carbone dans notre pays.Mots-Clés:  économie à bas-carbone; émissions de CO2; politiques de la réduction de l'émission de carbone domestiques et étrangères; problèmes et mesure

The Research for China Electric Power Energy Multivariate Structure Status Quo

Energy problem is one of the three global problems in new century. Being national base industry, the development of our electric power energy has played the great role in China economy developing. Now China electric power energy ‘s structure composition presents as following “the coal resources being main force, followed by pluralistic developments in which the clean energy becoming more and more important. since greatly developing the new electric energy must be the inevitable solution along our electric power sustainable development path. Utilizing the different developing mechanisms such as sustainable development, recycling economics, clean energy , the article starts from researching for the current situation of China electric energy requirements, and analyzes the structure composition of our electric power energy .at last it presents the point that greatly developing the new electric energy will play key roles and have the strategy meaning during the course of China energy sustainable development. Key words: electric power new energy, CDM, energy structure, status quo Résumé: Le problème de l’énergie est l’un des trois plus grands problèmes globaux de la nouvelle ère. L’énergie électrique, considérée comme l’énergie fondamentale d’un pays, a une grande importance pour l’économie nationale. La structure actuelle de l’énergie électrique chinoise représente plusieurs caractéristique-” le charbon comme la matière première principale, un développement multiple, et la force à paraître des énergies propres ”. La promotion des nouvelles énergies électriques est un choix logique pour poursuivre le chemin d’un développement durable. A partir du besoin actuel de l’énergie électrique de la Chine et du point du vue du développement durable, de l’économie de recyclage et du système de la promotion des éngergies propres, cet article analyse la disposition des nouvelles énergies électriques et nous propose de chercher et explorer ces nouvelles énergies électriques tout en améliorant le taux d’utilisation des énergies actuelles. Il est d’une grande importance stratégique pour le développement durable des énergies en Chine. Mots-Clés: énergie électrique, CDM, structure des énergies, état actue

The Study for the Obstacles and Countermeasures in China Electric Power New Energy Development

Our government has prospectively realized the strategic sense for developing the renewable energy source, and released some necessary laws and regulations promulgated one after another, As the future energy development direction, the renewable energy source still have some insufficiencies in the initial development period, they are eager for quick success and instant benefits, so some forceful measures should be taken to urge the its development orderly and rationalized. This article conducts the preliminary research for the new energy development problem, and further proposed the corresponding countermeasures, thus to provide certain references for our national developmental strategy further study. Key words: New renewable energy sources (new energy), wind power, obstacles and countermeasures Résumé: Le gouvernement chinois a aperçu la signification stratégique du développement des énergies renouvelables, ou des nouvelles énergiesautrement dit, et a fait des lois et règles correspondantes. Pourtant, en tant que la perspective du développement des énergies, les énergies renouvelables ont connu des problèmes dans la première phase du développement. Il existe des phénomènes d’agir avec trop de précipitation ou de devélopper dans un désordre. Nous devons du coup prendre des mesures efficaces pour Pousser l’industrie électrique à se développer d’une façon bien ordonnée et progressivement. Cet article fait des recherches préliminaires sur les problèmes existants dans le développment de nouvelles énergies et nous propose des solutions. Il est d’une valeur référentielle. Mots-Clés: énergies renouvelables (nouvelles énergies), électricité éolienne, problèmes et solution

Feature selection in credit risk modeling: an international evidence

This paper aims to discover a suitable combination of contemporary feature selection techniques and robust prediction classifiers. As such, to examine the impact of the feature selection method on classifier performance, we use two Chinese and three other real-world credit scoring datasets. The utilized feature selection methods are the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS). In contrast, the examined classifiers are the classification and regression trees (CART), logistic regression (LR), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machines (SVM). Empirical findings confirm that LASSO’s feature selection method, followed by robust classifier SVM, demonstrates remarkable improvement and outperforms other competitive classifiers. Moreover, ANN also offers improved accuracy with feature selection methods; LR only can improve classification efficiency through performing feature selection via LASSO. Nonetheless, CART does not provide any indication of improvement in any combination. The proposed credit scoring modeling strategy may use to develop policy, progressive ideas, operational guidelines for effective credit risk management of lending, and other financial institutions. The finding of this study has practical value, as to date, there is no consensus about the combination of feature selection method and prediction classifiers

Unambiguous discrimination of mixed quantum states

In this paper, we consider the problem of unambiguous discrimination between a set of mixed quantum states. We first divide the density matrix of each mixed state into two parts by the fact that it comes from ensemble of pure quantum states. The first part will not contribute anything to the discrimination, the second part has support space linearly independent to each other. Then the problem we consider can be reduced to a problem in which the strategy of set discrimination can be used in designing measurements to discriminate mixed states unambiguously. We find a necessary and sufficient condition of unambiguous mixed state discrimination, and also point out that searching the optimal success probability of unambiguous discrimination is mathematically the well-known semi-definite programming problem. A upper bound of the optimal success probability is also presented. Finally, We generalize the concept of set discrimination to mixed state and point out that the problem of discriminating it unambiguously is equivalent to that of unambiguously discriminating mixed states.Comment: 7 page

Sevoflurane improves gaseous exchange and exerts protective effects in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in mice models

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of sevoflurane against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in amice model.Methods: Seven week-old female BalB/C mice were used. Lung water content and cell count were estimated by standard protocols. Cytokine and chemokine analysis was performed using commercially available kits. Myeloperoxidase activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically while histopathological analysis was carried out by H and E staining.Results: The results revealed that sevoflurane treatment significantly improved gaseous exchange, and reduced lung water content and lung inflammation as evidenced by a decrease in neutrophil migration into BALF (p < 0.01). Sevoflurane also significantly reversed the LPS-triggered suppression of IL-10 in the lung tissues of LPS-treated mice, when compared to saline-treated controls (p < 0.01). It reversed LPS-induced oxidative stress, as demonstrated by increase in total antioxidant capacity (T-AC), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), as well as an increase in reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio. In addition, sevoflurane blocked LPS-induced lung tissue injury in ALI mice, and exerted protective effects against acute LPS-induced lung injury.Conclusion: These results suggest that sevoflurane improves gaseous exchange and exerts a protective effect against LPS-triggered lung injury in mice model, most probably due to its antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties.Keywords: Lung injury, Sevoflurane, Respiratory distress, Superoxide dismutase, Liposaccharid